Aussagesätze
Wird ein Satz in die indirekte Rede gesetzt, gibt es zwei Unterscheidungen.
1. Wenn der Einleitungssatz in der Gegenwart steht, dann bleibt die Zeitform der direkten Rede auch in der indirekten Rede erhalten. Wird ein Satz in die indirekte Rede gesetzt, gibt es zwei Unterscheidungen.
Beispiel:
Direkte Rede: Susan: "I work in an office."
Indirekte Rede: Susan says that she works in an office. (Der Einleitungssatz ist hier: Susan says)
2. Wenn der Einleitungssatz in der Vergangenheit steht, dann wird die Zeitform verändert.
Beispiel:
Direkte Rede: Susan: "I work in an office."
Indirekte Rede: Susan said that she worked in an office. (Der Einleitungssatz ist hier: Susan said)
Die Zeitformen werden dabei wie folgt geändert:
| Verschiebung von Zeitformen | |
|---|---|
| vom | ins |
| Simple Present | Simple Past |
| Simple Past | Past Perfect |
| Present Perfect | |
| Past Perfect | |
| will | would |
| Progressive Formen | |
| am/are/is | was/were |
| was/were | had been |
| has been | |
| had been | |
| Verschiebung von Zeitformen | |
|---|---|
| von | in |
| Peter: "I work in the garden." | Peter said that he worked in the garden. |
| Peter: "I worked in the garden." | Peter said that he had worked in the garden. |
| Peter: "I have worked in the garden." | |
| Peter: "I had worked in the garden." | |
| Peter: "I will work in the garden." | Peter said that he would work in the garden. |
| Peter: "I can work in the garden." | Peter said that he could work in the garden. |
| Peter: "I may work in the garden." | Peter said that he might work in the garden. |
| Peter: "I would work in the garden." (could, might, should, ought to) | Peter said that he would work in the garden. (could, might, should, ought to) |
Progressive Formen | |
| Peter: "I am working in the garden." | Peter said that he was working in the garden. |
| Peter: "I was working in the garden." | Peter said that he had been working in the garden. |
| Peter: "I have been working in the garden." | |
| Peter: "I had been working in the garden." | |
Wenn im Satz eine Zeitangabe steht, dann muss auch die geändert werden.
Peter: "I worked in the garden yesterday."
Peter said that he had worked in the garden the day before.
Verschiebung von Adverbien
| this (evening) | that (evening) |
| today/this day | that day |
| these (days) | those (days) |
| now | then |
| (a week) ago | (a week) before |
| last weekend | the weekend before / the previous weekend |
| here | there |
| next (week) | the following (week) |
| tomorrow | the next/following day |
Anmerkungen:
In einigen Fällen ist es nicht nötig, die Zeitformen zu verschieben, wenn z.B. Aussagen immer noch zutreffen.
John: "My brother is at Leipzig university."
John said that his brother was at Leipzig university. oder
John said that his brother is at Leipzig university.
oder wenn es sich um allgemein gültige Aussagen handelt.
Mandy: "The sun rises in the East."
Mandy said that the sun rose in the East. oder
Mandy said that the sun rises in the East.
Source: englisch-hilfen.de
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